##1.ModelForm
ModelForm与之前见到的Form效果一样,用着跟方便,使用下面方式导入
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| from django import forms
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对于下面这个model使用ModelForm与Form的两种方式
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| class UserAsk(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name="姓名") mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name="手机号") course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="课程名称") add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间") class Meta: verbose_name = "用户咨询" verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
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两种方式中如果model的属性比较多用第二种会麻烦很多
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| class UserAskForms(forms.ModelForm): mobile = forms.CharField(required=True,max_length=11, min_length=11) class Meta: model = UserAsk fields = ['name', 'mobile', 'course_name']
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| class UserAskForms(Form): name = forms.CharField(required=True) mobile = forms.CharField(required=True, max_length=11, min_length=11) course_name = forms.CharField(required=True)
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使用方式两者无异
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| user_ask_form = UserAskForms(request.POST) if user_ask_form.is_valid(): `
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##2.Ajax的使用
##2.1
html中的代码
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| <div class="right companyright"> <div class="head">我要学习</div> <form class="rightform" id="jsStayForm" method="post"> <div> <img src="{% static 'images/rightform1.png' %}"/> <input type="text" name="name" id="companyName" placeholder="名字" maxlength="25"/> </div> <div> <img src="{% static 'images/rightform2.png' %}"/> <input type="text" name="mobile" id="companyMobile" placeholder="联系电话"/> </div> <div> <img src="{% static 'images/rightform3.png' %}"/> <input type="text" name="course_name" id="companyAddress" placeholder="课程名" maxlength="50"/> </div> <p class="error company-tips" id="jsCompanyTips"></p> <input class="btn" type="button" id="jsStayBtn" value="立即咨询 >"/> <input type='hidden' name='csrfmiddlewaretoken' value='5I2SlleZJOMUX9QbwYLUIAOshdrdpRcy'/> {% csrf_token %} </form> </div>
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view的代码
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| class AddUserAskView(View): """ 用户添加咨询 """ def post(self, request): user_ask_form = UserAskForms(request.POST) if user_ask_form.is_valid(): user_ask = user_ask_form.save(commit=True) return HttpResponse('{"status" : "success"}', content_type='application/json') else: return HttpResponse('{"status" : "fail", "msg" : "添加出错"}', content_type='application/json')
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script代码
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| <script> $.ajaxSetup({headers: {"X-CSRFToken": '{{ csrf_token }}'}}); $(function () { $('#jsStayBtn').on('click', function () { $.ajax({ cache: false, type: "POST", url: "{% url 'org:user_ask' %}", data: $('#jsStayForm').serialize(), async: true, success: function (data) { if (data.status == 'success') { $('#jsStayForm')[0].reset(); alert("提交成功") } else if (data.status == 'fail') { $('#jsCompanyTips').html(data.msg) } }, }); }); }) </script>
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##2.2遇到的问题
1.403 csrf
在html中添加了“ csrf_token ”但是依然会提示403错误,看到别人说是由于setting.py中的“MIDDLEWARE”添加了“’django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware’,”这个要加上,为了数据安全
在script中需要加上才能避免403错误
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| $.ajaxSetup({headers: {"X-CSRFToken": '{{ csrf_token }}'}});
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2.无法获取form里传的数据
我在开发过程中遇到了无法得到form里面传的数据,取数据是用“$(‘#jsStayForm’).serialize()”,这样没有必要对每一个参数都写一遍